Hello Health Rounds readers! It's plastics day at Health Rounds with surprising positive and disconcerting news to report. We also highlight promising early research into addressing chronic inflammation.

By 2050, one in four people in Asia will be over 60. What does that mean for healthcare, cities, and the workforce? Register to watch live interviews on July 9 at the  #ReutersNEXTAsia summit with leaders from IHH Healthcare, DBS Foundation and the Tsao Foundation who are helping shape the region’s response.

In breaking news, see these stories from our Reuters journalists: Key healthcare provisions in Trump's tax bill; US CDC accepts ousted vaccine panel's recommendations for RSV, meningococcal shots;  South Africa reports H5N1 bird flu on poultry farms, international agency says; New York Fed must face lawsuit over COVID vaccine firing, appeals court rules; UK government, pharma industry still far away from life sciences plan agreement.

Also: US FTC workshop criticizing medical care for transgender youth draws staff opposition; Britain launches 10-year plan to save health service in crisis;  US Supreme Court won't consider reviving Montana abortion parental consent law; Kraft Heinz recalls Oscar Mayer turkey bacon over Listeria risk, US food safety regulator says; US open to 'creative solutions' on pharma trade with EU.

The World Health Organization is pushing countries to raise the prices of sugary drinks, alcohol and tobacco by 50% over the next 10 years through taxation, its strongest backing yet for taxes to help tackle chronic public health problems.

Common bacteria can turn plastic waste into the over-the-counter painkiller acetaminophen, researchers have discovered.

Acetaminophen, the main ingredient in Tylenol and also known as paracetamol in some countries, is usually made from fossil fuels.

The new method for making the drug, developed with support from AstraZeneca, transforms a molecule from a widely used plastic known as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into acetaminophen, leaving virtually no carbon emissions, according to a report in Nature Chemistry.

The plastic is converted to the drug at room temperature in less than 24 hours, using a fermentation process similar to what is used in brewing beer, the researchers said.

PET, a strong, lightweight plastic used for water bottles and food packaging, accounts for more than 350 million tons of waste annually.

“This work demonstrates that PET plastic isn’t just waste or a material destined to become more plastic. It can be transformed by microorganisms into valuable new products, including those with potential for treating disease,” study leader Stephen Wallace of the University of Edinburgh said in a statement.

More work is needed before PET can be used to produce acetaminophen at commercial levels, the researchers said.

The majority of men and women have microplastics in their reproductive fluids, according to the results of a small study reported at the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology meeting in Paris.

The presence of the microplastics raises important questions about their potential risks to fertility and reproductive health, researchers said.

The tiny contaminants – plastic particles under 5 millimeters in size – were present in the follicular fluid that encases developing eggs in the ovaries in 20 of 29 women, or 69%. Microplastics were found in seminal fluid in 12 of 22 men, or 55%.

Both types of fluid play critical roles in natural conception and assisted reproduction, the researchers said.

In both groups, the microplastic polymers included polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polypropylene and polyurethane.

In animals, microplastics can induce inflammation, damage to tissues and to DNA, and hormonal disruptions, study leader Emilio Gomez-Sanchez of Next Fertility Murcia in Spain said in a statement.

In a separate presentation at the meeting, Manel Boussabeh of Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital in Monastir, Tunisia, and colleagues reported that sperm exposed to microplastics in test tubes had impaired motility and damage to DNA.

Other researchers have previously found significant amounts of microplastics in the testicles of dogs and humans, and the canine data suggested the particles may contribute to impaired fertility.