A study in The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine found the Abbott i-STAT high-sensitivity troponin I point-of-care assay has analytical equivalence with central lab troponin assays. The point-of-care test can help reduce turnaround times for results, researchers said.

A study published in the journal Nature found that the gene HMGN1 may be linked to heart defects in people with Down syndrome. The research used stem cell and mouse models to show how HMGN1 disrupts DNA packaging, affecting heart development. "We now have a roadmap not only for understanding heart defects in Down syndrome, but for studying the root causes of other diseases caused by extra or missing chromosomes," researcher Katie Pollard said.

St Mary's Hospital in London is one of three NHS hospitals testing a 15-minute blood test that can distinguish between viral and bacterial infections in children. The test is already in use in the US and Europe, and it could lead to earlier identification of sepsis, meningitis and other serious conditions. "This trial will now tell us whether the test has a role in the NHS and if clinicians will use it to help make faster, more accurate decisions so children receive the right treatment faster," pediatric consultant Ruud Nijman said.

A genetic test may reduce the need for lymph node biopsies in melanoma patients, according to a study in JAMA Surgery. The Merlin CP-GEP test, which evaluates the activity of eight genes in a melanoma tumor, identified about 37% of patients as low risk, with a 93% likelihood of having no cancer in their lymph nodes.

A study published in Scientific Reports found that in-house comprehensive genomic profiling using Rapid-Neo offers benefits over the Oncomine Dx Target Test for patients with pathological stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer. Rapid-Neo had a 94.1% concordance rate with ODxTT in detecting major driver mutations, but also identified additional actionable mutations and provided a broader genomic landscape.

A urine test can noninvasively detect lupus nephritis, with researchers using proteomics to analyze 1,317 urine samples, identifying 57 proteins linked to kidney damage and inflammation. "Overall, the results indicate that by measuring certain proteins in urine, doctors might be able to tell how active or long-lasting someone's lupus-related kidney disease is, and they could check kidney health without having to do another biopsy," researcher Chandra Mohan said.

A low-cost, real-time processing pipeline for quantitative phase microscopy data using the NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano platform could enhance blood diagnostics. The platform can process data at a rate of 1,200 cells per second, providing detailed morphological analysis of red blood cells without dyes or contrast agents.

A study in the journal Biology suggests an explainable artificial intelligence model may improve early ovarian cancer detection. The model had an accuracy rate of 88.99% using data from 309 patients, surpassing traditional indices like the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm.

Rwanda is using genomics and artificial intelligence to improve early detection and treatment of cancer and other noncommunicable diseases. "We are already applying genomics almost every day, in outbreaks, surveillance, and clinical management. The future of medicine is guided by these technologies; they make diagnosis and treatment more precise," said Sabin Nsanzimana, the country's health minister.