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On the first day of his second term, President Donald Trump signed an executive order limiting U.S. citizenship by birth to those who have at least one parent who is a U.S. citizen or legal resident. The move sparked a legal battle that the Supreme Court last week announced it would finally settle.

It won’t be a clear-cut decision for the high court, writes Morgan Marietta, a Supreme Court scholar at the University of Tennessee. He believes proponents of each side have strong arguments, both rooted in their interpretations of a key phrase in the 14th Amendment — “subject to the jurisdiction thereof.”

To uphold universal birthright citizenship, adds Marietta, the court’s three liberal justices will need at least two of the six Republican-appointed justices to join them. America should have a decision in time for the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.

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Alfonso Serrano

Politics + Society Editor

When the justices weigh the arguments, they will focus on the meaning of the first sentence of the 14th Amendment, known as the citizenship clause. zimmytws/Getty Images

Supreme Court’s decision on birthright citizenship will depend on its interpretation of one key phrase

Morgan Marietta, University of Tennessee

Advocates for each side will provide a different explanation for who falls under ‘the jurisdiction’ of the United States.

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